![]() Neysun Mahboubi, a research scholar at the Center for the Study of Contemporary China at the University of Pennsylvania, said on Twitter that Lu’s comments were “totally stupid” and that “the level of incompetence is just staggering”. ![]() “The Chinese side respects the status of the member states as sovereign states after the collapse of the Soviet Union,” Mao said, adding that on the issue of territorial sovereignty, Beijing’s position was consistent and clear.Ĭhina respects the sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity of all countries and upholds the purposes and principles of the United Nations charter, she said, describing the country’s stance on Ukraine as objective and fair. The Chinese embassy in Paris issued a formal statement saying Lu’s comments were “not a policy declaration … but the expression of personal viewpoints during a television interview”.Īsked if China stood behind the envoy’s remarks, the foreign ministry’s spokesperson Mao Ning said China had been one of the first countries to establish diplomatic relations with former Soviet states. The independent sovereign nations that emerged after the fall of the former Soviet Union “don’t have effective status under international law because there is not an international agreement confirming their status as sovereign nations”, he said.īeijing on Monday sought to defuse the row. The Italian foreign minister, Antonio Tajani, said he also disagreed with Lu’s comments.Īsked about his position on whether Crimea was part of Ukraine or not, Lu said in a French TV interview on Friday that historically it was part of Russia and had been offered to Ukraine by the former Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev. The French foreign ministry said Lu would be given “a stern rebuke”, Germany said Beijing must clarify its stance, and the Czech foreign minister, Jan Lipavský, described the remarks as “totally unacceptable”. Tsahkna added: “I hope that there will be an explanation. This is called superposition.Landsbergis tweeted: “If anyone is still wondering why the Baltic states don’t trust China to ‘broker peace in Ukraine’, here’s a Chinese ambassador arguing that Crimea is Russian and our countries’ borders have no legal basis.”Ĭhina downgraded diplomatic ties with Lithuania – and pressured multinationals to sever links with it – in December 2021 after the Baltic nation, which has long favoured a hard EU line on Beijing, allowed Taiwan to open a de facto embassy in Vilnius.Įstonia’s foreign minister, Margus Tsahkna, said he was seeking to find out “why China has such a position or comments about the Baltic states”. When two differently directed waves (wavelets?) cross each other, then both contribute to what the medium does, but then travel on without change in their basic parameters of frequency, wavelength, or direction. When they encounter some non-uniformity in the medium, part of the wave can be redirected (refracted and/or reflected) and travel in a different direction. The important idea is that waves initially travel away from an initial disturbance. Standing waves, such as those formed on guitar strings, are the result of waves travelling in both directions. Real waves can be described as superpositions of pure sinusoidal waves based on something known as the Fourier Theorem. Or, you could turn the screen upside down :). Simply changing the sign of the $x$ term will reverse the direction of the wave. In the pictures you have, left and right are interchangeable because the pictures are generated using a mathematical formula similar to $$y=A\sin \left,$$ where $f$ is the periodic frequency and $\lambda$ is the wavelength. You can also see that, in your example, since every particle is moving up and down in harmonic motion, it doesn't really matters if you start by moving them up or down, and it wouldn't change the direction of energy flow. In water waves (for example the one you see after throwing a pebble in a lake), the energy moves from the pebble outwards, forming circles. If you held the rope at its center and shook it, energy (and thus the wave) would propagate in both directions. The energy flow is from its source (in my example, you shaking the rope) through the medium - the rope (in every possible direction). You starts shaking the rope, and then energy start flowing from you to the other end of the rope as you can guess, it is not really a matter of left to right or vice-versa. Imagine holding a rope at one end, which is fixed at the other end to some mechanism that can measure energy transported by the wave on the rope. ![]() It is really just a matter of where the motion comes from.
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